What procedure involves a surgical opening made through the neck to assist with breathing?

A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that involves making an opening in the neck to create an airway directly into the trachea (windpipe). This procedure is typically performed when standard breathing methods, such as intubation, are not sufficient or feasible.

The placement of a tracheostomy tube allows for improved airflow to and from the lungs, bypassing any obstruction in the upper airways or the need for long-term mechanical ventilation. It is particularly beneficial in situations where patients have chronic respiratory issues, prolonged unconsciousness, or need for intensive care support.

Understanding the distinction between this procedure and others is important. For example, intubation involves inserting a tube through the mouth or nose into the trachea for temporary airway management, often in emergency situations. Laryngoscopy is a procedure used to visualize the larynx and may assist in intubation but does not involve creating an external airway. Thoracotomy is an incisional procedure in the thoracic cavity, primarily addressing issues related to the lungs or heart, and is unrelated to creating an airway through the neck.

Overall, the significance of a tracheostomy lies in its role as a long-term solution for maintaining an open airway in patients who require